Ho tloha nyeoeng ea pele ea lefu la coronavirus, ka December 2019, lefu la seoa le nametse ho batho ba limilione lefatšeng ka bophara.Seoa sena sa lefats'e sa bukalefu le matla la ho hema coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)ke e 'ngoe ea likoluoa tse matla ka ho fetisisa tsa bophelo bo botle ba mehleng ea kajeno, tse hlahisang litšokelo tse kholo lefats'eng le ho ama likarolo tsohle tsa bophelo ba motho.[1]
Li-Coronavirus li na le livaerase tsa RNA tse apesitsoeng, tse nang le molopo o le mong lelapeng la Coronaviridae, tse nang le makhotla a mangata joalo ka batho, bo-'mankhane, likamele le mefuta ea linonyana, ho kenyeletsoa mehlape le liphoofolo tse tsamaeang le bona, tse behang bophelo ba sechaba kotsing. 1 Li-Coronavirus li arotsoe ka har'a lelapa le ka tlase la Orthocoronavirinae, le arotsoeng hape ka meloko e mene, ho ipapisitsoe le phapang ea tatelano ea protheine: a-coronavirus, b-coronavirus, g-coronavirus, le d-coronavirus.Li-a-coronavirus le b-coronaviruses li tšoaetsa liphoofolo tse anyesang feela, athe g-coronavirus le d-coronaviruses haholo-holo li tšoaetsa linonyana, leha tse ling tsa tsona li ka tšoaetsa liphoofolo tse anyesang.HCoV-229E,
oV-OC43, HCoV-NL63, HCoV-HKU1, SARSCoV, MERS-CoV, le SARS-CoV-2 ke li-coronavirus tse supileng tse tšoaelitsoeng ho tšoaetsa batho.Har'a bona, SARSCoV le MERS-CoV, tse hlahileng har'a batho ka 2002 le 2012, li na le likokoana-hloko tse ngata.Athe human coronavirus (HCoV) -229E, HCoV-NL63, HCoV-OC43, kapa HCoV-HKU1 mefuta e potolohang har'a batho e baka feela sefuba se tloaelehileng,7 acute acute breathing syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2), sesosa sa COVID-19, ke buka ea b-coronavirus, e hlahileng pejana bofelong ba 2019 mme e bakile mafu a nyarosang.Matšoao a mantlha aCOVID 19li tšoana le tsa SARS-CoV le MERS-CoV: feberu, mokhathala, ho khohlela ho omileng, bohloko bo kaholimo ho sefuba, ka linako tse ling lets'ollo, le dyspnea.Ho fapana le nakong e fetilengtšoaetso ea coronavirus (CoV).Phatlalatso e potlakileng ea lefats'e, sekhahla se phahameng sa phetisetso, nako e telele ea ho kenya, mafu a mangata a se nang matšoao, le ho teba ha mafu a SARS-CoV-2 li hloka tsebo e tebileng mabapi le maano a ho qoba tšoaetso ea vaerase.
Joalo ka li-coronavirus tse ling tsa batho (SARS-CoV-2, MERS-CoV), SARSCoV-2 le eona e na le mofuta o le mong, oa maikutlo a nepahetseng a RNA genome e ka bang 30 kb ka boholo.Joalokaha ho bontšitsoe setšoantšong sa 1, liprotheine tsa nucleocapsid (N) tsa kokoana-hloko li kopanya genome ka har'a motsoako o moholo oa ribonucleoprotein (RNP), oo joale o koahetsoeng ke lipids le liprotheine tsa kokoana-hloko S (spike), M (membrane), le E (enfelopo).Qetello ea 50 ea genome e na le liforeimi tse peli tse kholo tse bulehileng tsa ho bala (ORFs), ORF1a le ORF1b, encoding polypeptides pp1a le pp1b, tse hlahisoang ka liprotheine tse 16 tsa nonstructural (NSPs) tse kenyelletsang karolo e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea ho ikatisa ha vaerase ke likokoana-hloko tsa NSP3 le NSP5 tse koung. sebaka sa protease se kang papain le sebaka sa 3C-joaloka protease, ka ho latellana.9 Qetello ea 30 ea genome e kenyelletsa liprotheine tsa sebopeho le liprotheine tsa lisebelisoa, tseo ORF3a, ORF6, ORF7a, le ORF7b li bontšitsoeng hore ke liprotheine tsa sebōpeho sa kokoana-hloko tse amehang. ho thehoeng ha likaroloana tsa kokoana-hloko le ORF3b le ORF6 li sebetsa e le bahanyetsi ba interferon.Ho latela tlhaloso ea hajoale motheong oa tatellano ea ho tšoana ho li-b-coronavirus tse ling, SARS-CoV-2 e kenyelletsa likhakanyo tsa liprotheine tsa lisebelisoa tse tšeletseng (3a, 6, 7a, 7b, 8, le 10).Leha ho le joalo, ha se li-ORF tsena kaofela tse seng li netefalitsoe ka liteko, mme palo e nepahetseng ea liphatsa tsa lefutso tsa SARS-CoV-2 e ntse e le ntlha ea likhang.Ka hona, ho ntse ho sa hlaka hore na ke liphatsa tsa lefutso life tse hlileng li hlahisoang ke compact genome .[2]
Liteko tse hlokolosi haholo le tse tobileng li bohlokoa ho tseba le ho laola bakuli ba COVID-19 hammoho le ho kenya tšebetsong mehato ea taolo ho fokotsa seoa sena.Liteko tsa limolek'hule tsa Point-of-care (POC) li na le monyetla oa ho lumella ho fumanoa pejana le ho itšehla thajana ha linyeoe tsa SARS-CoV-2 tse netefalitsoeng, ha li bapisoa le mekhoa ea tlhahlobo e thehiloeng laboratoring, ka tsela eo e fokotsa phetisetso ea malapeng le sechabeng.
[1]Tlhahiso ea bongaka le ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso e potlakileng ea SARS-CoV-2 lefapheng la tšohanyetso.
[2] Ntoa lipakeng tsa moamoheli le SARS-CoV-2: Ho itšireletsa ka tlhaho le maano a ho qoba vaerase
Nako ea poso: May-25-2022